Research by scientists has identified a previously unknown pressure wave energy transfer to the brain during heading. This energy transfer occurs faster than the physical movement of the head itself. According to University of Nottingham researchers, the findings suggest that altering the internal pressure or material of a football could mitigate these effects.
The study used a high-speed camera and sensors to monitor the impact of balls hitting a human-like head model. Per the Guardian, the data showed that current ball designs do not sufficiently absorb the energy from high-velocity impacts. This energy travels through the skull and into the brain tissue, potentially causing long-term damage.
Experts believe that manufacturers could organise future production to include softer materials or lower air pressures without affecting flight performance. The Football Association and other governing bodies continue to review heading guidelines for professional and amateur players. Currently, English football has restricted heading in training for certain age groups to protect player health, according to Sky Sports.
